What Is Gear Box;features, types, uses

A gearbox is a group of gears in a casing found in different vehicles. A gearbox is also called a transmission. Different vehicle engines have high operating and idle speeds; the transmission helps machines to operate in an effective way and control speed and stop.

The main function of gearboxes is to transfer energy from one rotational power supply to another and to parts of vehicles and heavy machines. Here we will cover details for gearbox features and related factors. Let’s get started.

What is the gearbox?

• The gearbox is a mechanical structure that comes with gears and gear trains. Its main function is to set output speed and motor torque for fulfill the requirements of projects.

• Through varying gear ratios, the gearbox increases torque and reduces speed, and the reverse process occurs according to the requirement.
• A gearbox is basically a gear system that changes torque and speed between the drive, like a load, and the motor.
• There are different types of gears in gearboxes, like bevel and helical gears, worm gears, and planetary gears.
• gear configured on a shaft that is compatible with roller bearings and rotates over it.
• A gearbox is a mechanical device that transfers energy from one module to another, increasing torque while reducing speed.
• Gearboxes are part of different applications, for example, machines, industrial devices, conveyor belts, and power applications, where rotary motion is used for speed and torque changes.

Parts of the Gearbox

Main Shaft

• This shaft is used as an output shaft for the gearbox, which lies parallel to the layshaft and the front side of the clutch shaft or engine output shaft. This shaft is used for changing gears and is connected with the gear lever.

Clutch Shaft

• This shaft handle engine output and sends it to the gearbox; this clutch shaft provides engagement and disengagement of engine output.

Countershaft

• The shaft output of the engine is sent to the main shaft with continuous gear meshing on the layshaft to the gear through the clutch shaft.

Gears

• Gears are connecting gears. They have teeth that move and mesh with other gears on different shafts and transmit circular motion between two different locations shaft includes helical gears, bevel gears, and spur gears

Synchromesh Devices

• It is a special tool that is used in an advanced gearbox that shifts gears smoothly by providing main shaft, clutch shaft, and lay shaft speeds simultaneously, so they do not move on the shaft for changing gears.

Dog Clutches

• It is used for old gearboxes, such as constant mesh gearboxes, and prevents gear sliding on the shaft for shifting or meshing. It slides on the shaft for changing gear.

Gear lever

• This lever type is controlled by the driver for changing gears; the lever moves in a certain motion direction.

Working Principles of Gear Box

• • The gearbox comes with different-sized gears since different torques are required on wheels based on road conditions, load, and terrain. There is a need for high torque when moving uphill compared to a straight road.
• First gear is larger in size than the other gears, which provides high torque at low speed.
• Gears come in different size ratios from first to last ratio, which provide different pulling features and speeds.

How do gearboxes work?

• • The constant mesh gearbox comes with a driveshaft connected with gears that mesh with the gear configured on the layshaft.
• Lay shafts come with different gears that are designed in a mesh of gears.
• gears not directly connected with the main shaft and easily rotated.
• Dog clutches are used for controlling gears and splined with a basic shaft, which provides rotation.
• Dog clutches also come with friction material that makes their connection with the gear on the main shaft.
• When we push the gear stick during driving, the selector fork moves the connected dog clutch to make a connection with the gear.
• Finally, the clutch and main shaft move through the selected gear speed.

Types of Gearbox

There are two basic types of transmission, or gearbox, used that

• Manual transmission or manual gearbox
• Automatic transmission or automatic gearbox

Manual transmission or gearboxes

• The manual transmission gearbox that has been used in some vehicles has a low cost. In this gearbox, limited gears are used that have a maximum of six speeds and one reverse and manual shifting of gears is done through pulling and pushing the gear lever.
• In this transmission process, a clutch is also used.

Some manual transmission types are

Sliding Mesh Gearbox

• It is a gearbox that is an older type, and it does not have a layshaft and a main shaft in mesh, just a single gear in continuous mesh that has a gear on the clutch shaft that moves the layshaft and gears meshing through a proper gear on the layshaft. where the left or right sliding of gears on the main shaftSynchromesh Gearboxsynchromesh gears are used in advanced cars, which synchronize the mesh gear rotation. This gear control reduces the chances of gear-clashing and provides easy gear shifting. This gearbox is like a constant mesh gearbox.

• It comes with synchromesh tools, where two gears that need to engage first make a frictional connection through getting speed, which makes assembly easy.In some vehicles, the synchromesh process does not fit on all gears, but on the upper part of the gears.In some conditions, reverse gears do not exist for synchromesh devices, since they engage when the car is not moving.
• If the lever is shifted, the synchromesh cones come together in connection, like the same cone on the pinion.Due to friction, the rotation pinion is isready for rotation with the same speed as the synchromesh unit.For positive drive, extra motion of the gear level provides coupling for overriding different springs, and loaded balls and coupling make a connection with the dogs’ pinion ride. The synchromesh units and pinion move with the same speed for the required movement before connecting the dog teeth, so the cones come with providing the synchronizer and the pinion with the same speed.